4.+Role+of+Emotion+in+Motivation

=Role of Emotion in Motivation=

What are ﻿Emotions and Motivations?
Emotions and motivations are [|driving forces]that compel people to act. Without these, individuals might lack any real desire to do anything.

How are Emotions and Motivation Different?
[|Emotions] are subjective sensations experienced as a state of arousal. Emotions occur as a result of an interaction between perception of environmental stimuli, neural/hormonal responses to these perceptions (often labeled feelings), and subjective cognitive labeling of these feelings. Emotions //do not have the objective of reaching a goal// attached to them (Kleinginna and Kleinginna, 1981b). [|Motivation] is the driving force that propels the individual to act with //the objective of reaching his goal//.

How do Emotions Affect Motivation In Adult Learners?
**1. Emotions can move students away from their goals**. //Let us consider the example of an adult student who has a research paper due//. The following emotions may motivate him not to reach his goal of completing the paper
 * stress
 * feeling overwhelmed
 * feeling bored
 * feeling nervous

2. **Emotions can move students toward their goals**. //Let us consider again the example of an adult student who has a research paper due//. The following emotions may provide the drive/ motivation to reach his goals.
 * feeling of pride
 * feeling calm
 * feeling interested in the topic
 * feeling determined

Emotions ﻿ ﻿Can Lift you up or Drag You Down - youtube video  media type="youtube" key="g6cETImJJ2w?fs=1" height="390" width="484" align="center"

Instructors Should Try to Make Their Students Smile :)
Evidence suggests that some emotions are uniquely associated with a specific facial expression (Izard, 1990). This suggests that the human body will experience unique biological responses which are hard-wired to specific facial expressions. Additionally, it has been suggested that this process can also work in reverse: if you want to change your feelings (pysiological state of arousal), you can do so by changing your facial expression. In other words, if an instructor can get a student to smile, this will result in a hard-wired biological response associated with positive emotions. When the student is //feeling// more positive they will be more motivated to learn! This theory is known as the Facial-feedback Theory.